TENSES

-: TENSES :-

( I )  THE PRESENT :

Present Simple :-

#  Adverbs :-

·        Daily ,  always , never , seldom , rarely , often , hardly ,  regularly

·        Each day / week / month / year / night

·        Every day / week / month / year / night

·         Once/Twice in day / week / month / year

# Helping verb :-           do/ does

DO :- I , WE , YOU , THEY , PLURAL NOUN

DOES :- HE , SHE , IT ,  NAME , SINGULAR NOUN 

# Structure :-

S + v1 + s/es + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + do/does + not + v1 + o ………..Negative

Do/Does + s + (not) + v1 + o… ? ………..Interrogative

Present continuous :-

#  Adverbs :-

·        Still , now , now a days , right now , today  , look ! , listen !

·        At this time / at this moment 

·        In these days

# Helping verb :-           is/are /am

 AM:- I

 ARE :- WE , YOU , THEY , PLURAL NOUN

IS :- HE , SHE , IT ,  NAME , SINGULAR NOUN 

# Structure :-

S + is/are /am + v1 ing + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + is/are /am + not + v1 ing + o ………..Negative

Is/are /am + s + (not) + v1 ing + o….. ?………..Interrogative

Present perfect :-

#  Adverbs :-  Just ,  already , recently , just now , till now , so far , yet

# Helping verb :-           has / have

# Structure :-

S + has / have + v III + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + has / have + not + v III + o ………..Negative

Has / have + s + ( not ) + v III + o ….. ?………..Interrogative

Present perfect continuous :-

# Action  started in the past and still continuing……..

# Helping verb :-           has  / have + been

# Structure :-

S + has / have + been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time   …………..Aff / simple

S + has / have +  not + been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time ………..Negative

Has / have + s +  ( not ) + been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time ….. ?………..Interrogative

 ( II ) THE PAST :

Past Simple :-

#  Adverbs :-

·        Last , ago , yesterday , 1999 , 2011

·         Last night / day / week / month / year

# Helping verb :-           did

# Structure :-

S + v II + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + did + not + v1 + o ………..Negative

Did + s + (not) + v1 + o… ? ………..Interrogative

Past continuous :-

#  Adverbs :-

·        Those days

·        At that time / at that moment 

·         while

# Helping verb :-           was / were

WAS :- I ,  HE , SHE , IT ,  NAME , SINGULAR NOUN 

WERE :- WE , YOU , THEY , PLURAL NOUN

# Structure :-

S + was / were + v1 ing + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + was / were + not +  v1 ing + o ………..Negative

Was / were + s + ( not ) +  v1 ing + o ….. ?………..Interrogative

Past perfect :-

#  To express an unfulfilled wish /  condition in the past. 

#  Adverbs :-  before / after

# Helping verb :-           had

# Structure :-

S + had + v III + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + had + not + v III + o ………..Negative

Had + s + ( not ) + v III + o ….. ?………..Interrogative

Past perfect continuous :-

# Action  started before a certain point in the past and  continued upto that time ……..

# Helping verb :-           had + been

# Structure :-

S + had + been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time   …………..Aff / simple

S + had +  not + been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time ………..Negative

Had + s +  ( not ) + been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time ….. ?………..Interrogative

( III ) THE FUTURE :

Future Simple :-

#  Adverbs :-

·        Tomorrow ,

·         Next  day / week / month / year

·        The following  day / week / month / year

# Helping verb :-           will / shall

Will :-  You , they , he , she , it , name

Shall :-  I , We

# Structure :-

S + will / shall + v 1 + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + will / shall + not + v 1 + o ………..Negative

Will / shall  + s + (not) + v 1 + o… ? ………..Interrogative

Future  continuous :-

#  Adverbs :-

·        Tomorrow / next day….. + future time

# Helping verb :-           will / shall +- be  

# Structure :-

S + will / shall + be  + v1 ing + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + will / shall + not + be  + v1 ing + o  ……..Negative

will / shall + s + ( not )  + be  + v1 ing + o ….. ?………..Interrogative

future perfect :-

#  Adverbs :-  by + tomorrow / Monday / next week / next month / 2020 / end of this month ……..

# Helping verb :-           will / shall + have

# Structure :-

S + will / shall + have + v III + o  …………..Aff / simple

S + will / shall +not +  have + v III + o  ………..Negative

Will / shall + s + ( not ) +  have + v III + o  ….. ?………..Interrogative

Future perfect continuous :-

# Action is progress over a period of time.……..

# Helping verb :-           will / shall + have + been

# Structure :-

S + will / shall + have + been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time   …………..Aff / simple

S + will / shall +  not + have +  been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time ………..Negative

Will / shall + s + ( not ) + have +  been +  v 1 ing  + o + since / for + time ….. ?………..Interrogative